(1107) Unveiling the Potential: A Scoping Review of the Incretin Semaglutide and ”twincretin” Tirzepatide in Weight Loss Strategies

Objectives: THE PREVALENCE OF OBESITY IN THE UNITED STATES HAS INCREASED DRAMATICALLY OVER THE PAST FEW DECADES FROM 30.5% IN 2000 TO 41.9% IN 2020. Obesity-related complications such as stroke, cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis, and certain types of cancers contribute to high morbidity and mortality, which poses a threat to public health. According to the American Heart Association, “Obesity is linked to 30-53% of new diabetes cases in the U.S. yearly”. Over the past few years, ANTIDIABETIC MEDICATIONS HAVE GAINED FDA APPROVAL TO BE INDICATED FOR weight loss management and have become more widely used than ever. The first Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP-1) agonist, semaglutide, was approved for weight management in those over 12 years old as a weekly subcutaneous injection IN 2021. In comparison, the NEWER “TWINCRETIN” tirzepatide works on both the Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP)/Glucagon-Like Peptide (GLP-1) Receptors. RECENTLY, TIRZEPATIDE HAS BECOME A PROMISING AGENT FOR WEIGHT LOSS MANAGEMENT AND HAS SHOWN EFFICACY IN CLINICAL TRIALS. The purpose of this review is to analyze the safety and efficacy of semaglutide and tirzepatide in weight loss, investigate comparative studies, explore patient outcomes, analyze dosing and administration, identify where further research is needed, and inform clinical practice and policy.

Methods: Using the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) and PubMed, a scoping review of the literature was performed USING KEY SEARCH TERMS SUCH AS tirzepatide in weight loss, semaglutide in weight loss, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists. THIS LITERATURE SEARCH WAS CONDUCTED BETWEEN JULY TO DECEMBER 2023. Meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials that have participants 18 years or older with a BMI of 30 or greater and were treated with semaglutide or tirzepatide for their obesity are included in this scoping review. The STEP-1 and SURMOUNT-1 studies for semaglutide and tirzepatide, respectively, were selected for this review because they were used by the FDA for approval of their weight loss indication and provided clinical evidence of their efficacy. The STEP 1 trial for semaglutide was conducted at 129 sites in sixteen countries. Its exclusion criteria were patients with diabetes, a glycated hemoglobin level of 48 mmol per mol or greater, a history of chronic pancreatitis, acute pancreatitis within 180 days of enrollment, previous surgical obesity treatment, and the use of weight loss medication within 90 days before enrollment. The coprimary endpoints of the study were percentage change in body weight from baseline to week 68 with semaglutide use and achievement of a reduction in body weight of 5% or more from baseline to week 68. The SURMOUNT-1 study was conducted at 119 sites in nine countries. The exclusion criteria from this study include patients with diabetes, a body weight change of more than 5 kg within 90 days before screening, previous or planned obesity surgical treatments, and treatment with a medication that promotes weight loss within 90 days before screening. The coprimary endpoints of the study were a percentage change in body weight from baseline to week 72 with tirzepatide use and a weight reduction of 5% or more at week 72.

Results: A scoping review is still in progress.

Conclusions: N/A